What characterizes an imbalance of power in bullying situations?

An imbalance of power in bullying situations is characterized by a relationship where one party dominates. This dynamic often manifests in various forms, such as physical intimidation, verbal harassment, social exclusion, or cyberbullying. The essence of bullying involves a power differential where one individual or group can exert control or influence over another, making the victim feel helpless or vulnerable. Such dominance can stem from factors like physical strength, social status, access to resources, or even perceived popularity within a peer group.

In contrast, mutual disagreements reflect situations where parties feel equally valid in their perspectives, which is not necessarily indicative of bullying. Similarly, equal social status among peers would suggest an absence of power imbalance, meaning that any conflict would be more likely to be resolved through negotiation rather than coercion. A friendly rivalry suggests competition that is consensual and often seen as playful, lacking the elements of intimidation or coercion that define bullying behavior.